Table of Contents

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Acknowledgments
19
Preface
21
Who Is This Book For?
21
How This Book Is Organized
22
Terminology
23
Conclusion
23
1 Introduction to SAP S/4HANA
25
1.1 New Possibilities, Features, and Functionality
25
1.2 SAP S/4HANA in the Cloud versus On-Premise
27
1.3 New Implementation, System Conversion, and Transformation Scenarios
29
1.3.1 Migration Scenarios
30
1.3.2 Choosing Your Approach
35
1.4 Simplification
38
1.4.1 Technical and Functional Simplifications
38
1.4.2 SAP HANA Column Store
40
1.5 Conversion Methodology
44
1.5.1 Preparation Phase
45
1.5.2 Executing the Preparation Activities
48
1.5.3 Sandbox Conversion
50
1.5.4 Landscape Conversion
52
1.5.5 Postconversion
54
1.6 SAP S/4HANA Transformation Enablers
54
1.6.1 SAP Business Scenario Recommendations for SAP S/4HANA
55
1.6.2 SAP Innovation and Optimization Pathfinder
56
1.6.3 SAP Transformation Navigator
57
1.6.4 SAP Roadmap Viewer
58
1.6.5 SAP Best Practices and SAP Model Company
59
1.7 Summary
61
2 Architecture, Tools, and Strategy
63
2.1 SAP S/4HANA Architecture
63
2.1.1 Technical Components
65
2.1.2 Core Releases
67
2.1.3 Corrections and Enhancements
68
2.2 SAP S/4HANA and SAP Fiori
72
2.2.1 Deployment Options
73
2.2.2 Impact of Conversion on SAP Fiori
74
2.3 SAP Solution Manager and SAP S/4HANA
75
2.3.1 Scope and Effort Analyzer
76
2.3.2 Usage and Procedure Logging
76
2.3.3 Custom Code Management
77
2.3.4 Data Volume Management
77
2.4 Maintenance Planner
78
2.5 SAP Readiness Check
83
2.5.1 Verification and Prerequisites
83
2.5.2 Installing SAP Readiness Check
86
2.5.3 Collecting the Data
87
2.5.4 Verifying the Results
91
2.6 Simplification Item Check
95
2.6.1 Simplification Item Information
96
2.6.2 Running the Simplification Item Check
98
2.6.3 SAP Readiness Check versus the Simplification Item Check
104
2.7 Sizing for SAP HANA
105
2.8 Software Update Manager
108
2.8.1 System Switch Upgrade
109
2.8.2 Database Migration Option
112
2.8.3 Performing the DMO with System Move
114
2.8.4 Additional Options for Reducing Downtime
116
2.9 Database- and Operating System-Specific Aspects
121
2.9.1 Unsupported Operating Systems
121
2.9.2 Multiple Components in One Database
124
2.9.3 Update of Dual-Stack Systems
124
2.10 Upgrading the Frontend Software
125
2.10.1 SAP GUI’s Lifecycle
126
2.10.2 Version Selection
126
2.10.3 Introducing Belize
127
2.11 SAP Landscape during Conversion
128
2.11.1 Scenario 1: The Sandbox System
130
2.11.2 Scenario 2: Extra Development and Quality Assurance Systems
132
2.11.3 Scenario 3: Contingency System
134
2.12 Summary
135
3 Project Planning
137
3.1 Why Convert to SAP S/4HANA?
137
3.1.1 SAP Strategy
138
3.1.2 Outdated SAP Version
138
3.1.3 Release Support and Maintenance Costs
139
3.1.4 Enhancement Package Installation versus Converting to SAP S/4HANA
139
3.1.5 Upgrading Is a Normal Activity
140
3.2 Factors Influencing Conversion Complexity
140
3.2.1 Technology-Related Factors
141
3.2.2 Development-Related Factors
146
3.2.3 Business-Related Factors
149
3.2.4 Project-Related Factors
151
3.2.5 Forgotten Factors
152
3.3 Estimating the Effort
153
3.3.1 Technical Conversion to SAP S/4HANA
154
3.3.2 Modification to SAP Objects
156
3.3.3 Custom Developments
159
3.3.4 Functional Effort
161
3.3.5 Obsolete Transactions
161
3.4 Project Team
162
3.4.1 Project Management Team
163
3.4.2 Technical Conversion Team
164
3.4.3 Functional Work Groups
164
3.4.4 Internal versus External Team
165
3.5 Conversion Project Steps
168
3.5.1 Conversion Scope
169
3.5.2 Planning Levels
169
3.5.3 Critical Success Factors
170
3.5.4 Scheduling the Conversion
171
3.6 Conversion Plan
171
3.6.1 SAP Activate for System Conversions
172
3.6.2 Master Project Plan
175
3.6.3 Action Plan
178
3.6.4 Status Reporting
182
3.7 Testing Phase
184
3.7.1 Test Focus
184
3.7.2 Test Scenarios
185
3.7.3 Test Stages and Test Progression
186
3.7.4 Automated Testing
189
3.8 Summary
191
4 Preparing the Conversion
193
4.1 Introducing the Tools: SUM and DMO
194
4.2 Conversion Documentation
195
4.2.1 Software Logistics Toolset
196
4.2.2 Collecting the Documentation
197
4.2.3 Keeping Documentation Up to Date
199
4.2.4 Creating Your Own Documentation
200
4.3 Conversion Software
205
4.3.1 Stack XML File
205
4.3.2 Download Basket and SAP Download Manager
206
4.3.3 Download Directory
209
4.4 Maintenance Planner
209
4.4.1 When to Run the Maintenance Planner
210
4.4.2 Starting the Maintenance Planner
211
4.4.3 Choosing the Conversion Path
212
4.4.4 Identifying the Backend and Frontend Systems
212
4.4.5 Evaluating Errors and Continuing the Plan
214
4.4.6 Viewing Target Software List
215
4.4.7 Selecting Files
216
4.4.8 Downloading the Stack XML File
219
4.4.9 Setting Session as Complete
221
4.4.10 Reviewing and Changing a Transaction
222
4.5 Preparations in the SAP ERP System
224
4.5.1 Setting a User ID for the Conversion
225
4.5.2 Applying SAP Notes
226
4.5.3 Updating Transaction SPAM/Transaction SAINT
227
4.5.4 Checking Pool and Cluster Tables
228
4.6 Final Preparations
232
4.6.1 Downloaded Stack and Stack XML File
233
4.6.2 Certificate Revocation List
233
4.6.3 SAP HANA Client
234
4.6.4 License Key
235
4.6.5 Migration Key
236
4.7 Preparing SUM
238
4.7.1 Download the Latest SUM Version
239
4.7.2 Creating the SUM Directory
239
4.7.3 Extracting SUM
241
4.7.4 Registering SUM with SAP Host Agent
242
4.7.5 Starting SUM
245
4.7.6 SUM Observer
247
4.7.7 MailNotifier
247
4.8 Summary
248
5 Converting the System
249
5.1 Planning the Conversion
249
5.1.1 Conversion of a Sandbox System
250
5.1.2 Conversion of the Development System
252
5.1.3 Conversion of the QA system
252
5.1.4 Conversion of the Production System
252
5.2 Starting the Conversion with SUM
257
5.2.1 Roadmap Steps
257
5.2.2 Initial Steps
258
5.2.3 Required Passwords
260
5.2.4 Results and Cleanup
261
5.3 Roadmap Step: Extraction
263
5.4 Roadmap Step: Configuration
266
5.4.1 Process Parameters
267
5.4.2 Parameters for SAP HANA
270
5.4.3 Languages and SDMI
274
5.4.4 Check Required Notes
275
5.4.5 Support Packages to Include
276
5.4.6 Modification Adjustment Transports
277
5.4.7 Shadow Instance
279
5.5 Roadmap Step: Checks
282
5.5.1 Save Variants
282
5.5.2 Security Profile Parameters
283
5.5.3 Open Update Requests
284
5.6 Roadmap Step: Preprocessing
285
5.6.1 Inactive Objects and Open Repairs
286
5.6.2 Development and Transport Lock
288
5.6.3 Database Import Phase
289
5.6.4 Start of Shadow Instance
290
5.6.5 Manually Managing the Shadow Instance
291
5.6.6 Stop for Modification Adjustment
292
5.6.7 Activation Phase ACT_UPG
293
5.6.8 Activation Errors
296
5.6.9 Repeat the Activation
301
5.6.10 Final Phases
301
5.6.11 End of Uptime
302
5.7 Preparing for Downtime
302
5.7.1 SAP System Action
303
5.7.2 Server-Level and Database-Level Actions
305
5.8 Final Preprocessing Steps
306
5.8.1 Backup Request for SUM
306
5.8.2 Switch SAP HANA Log Mode
307
5.9 Roadmap Step: Execution
308
5.9.1 Logging On during Downtime
309
5.9.2 Unlocking the System
309
5.9.3 Database Cloning
309
5.9.4 Repeat Cloning (with Test Cycle)
312
5.9.5 Period without Interaction
313
5.9.6 EU_SWITCH Phase
313
5.9.7 Additional Downtime Phases
314
5.9.8 End of Downtime
315
5.10 Roadmap Step: Postprocessing
316
5.10.1 Stop for SPAU Modifications
317
5.10.2 Cleanup Processing
318
5.10.3 No Active Imports
319
5.10.4 Create Evaluation
319
5.10.5 Save Upgrade Logs
320
5.10.6 Procedure Completion
321
5.11 SUM Special Features
322
5.11.1 Conversion Logfiles
322
5.11.2 Setting Breakpoints
325
5.11.3 SUM Utilities
327
5.12 Postconversion Activities
328
5.12.1 Database Backup
330
5.12.2 SAP and Database Parameters
331
5.12.3 Actions for the SAP Kernel
332
5.12.4 Selectively Release Some Background Jobs
334
5.12.5 Transport Landscape Changes
335
5.12.6 ABAP Load Generation: Transaction SGEN
336
5.12.7 Imports of Transport Requests
340
5.12.8 Nonfatal Errors: Type P
341
5.12.9 Language Postprocessing
341
5.12.10 Changes to Roles and Authorizations
344
5.12.11 SAP_NEW Profile and Role
348
5.12.12 Release Change Requests Opened during the Conversion
349
5.12.13 System and Client Change Options
349
5.12.14 Unlock Users
349
5.12.15 Restart Interfaces
349
5.12.16 Release Background Jobs
350
5.12.17 Clean Up Directories
350
5.12.18 Preserve the Source Database
351
5.13 Post Go-Live
351
5.14 Troubleshooting
354
5.14.1 Error Stops in SUM
354
5.14.2 Failed Background Jobs
355
5.14.3 Resetting the Conversion
356
5.15 Summary
358
6 Modification Adjustment
361
6.1 Modification Adjustment Transactions
362
6.2 Preparing and Running Transaction SPDD
363
6.2.1 Repository Modification
364
6.2.2 Logging on to the Shadow Instance
366
6.2.3 Creating a User for the Modification Adjustment
367
6.2.4 Enable Development Changes
367
6.2.5 Log on to the Primary System
367
6.2.6 Checking for Possible Data Loss
368
6.2.7 Run Transaction SPDD
369
6.3 Transaction SPDD Object List
370
6.4 Transaction SPDD Transport Request
372
6.5 Adjusting Objects
373
6.5.1 General Procedure
373
6.5.2 Data Elements and Domains
375
6.5.3 Customer Fields in SAP Tables and Structures
378
6.5.4 Field Format Changes
381
6.5.5 Technical Settings
382
6.5.6 Processing Deleted Objects
383
6.6 Final Steps
385
6.6.1 Registering the Transaction SPDD Transport for Later Use
385
6.6.2 Start Activation
385
6.7 Transaction SPAU
386
6.8 Transaction SPAU_ENH
389
6.9 Summary
391
7 Custom Code Management
393
7.1 Custom Code Management Process
395
7.2 Impact of SAP HANA
397
7.3 Impact of Simplification
399
7.3.1 Access to Deleted Repository Objects
400
7.3.2 Access to Disabled Repository Objects
402
7.3.3 Adjusted Field Lengths
403
7.3.4 Append Structures
404
7.4 Enabling the ABAP Test Cockpit
404
7.4.1 Version and System Requirements
404
7.4.2 Custom Code Adaption Process
407
7.4.3 Installation and Configuration
408
7.5 Custom Code Analysis in the Preparation Phase
413
7.5.1 Collecting Usage Data
414
7.5.2 Custom Code Migration App
419
7.5.3 Analyzing the Results
420
7.5.4 Changing the Scope of the Migration Project
428
7.5.5 Removing Unused Custom Code during the Conversion
430
7.6 Custom Code Adaptation after the Conversion
430
7.6.1 Enable the ABAP Test Cockpit
431
7.6.2 Adapting Custom Code in ABAP Development Tools
433
7.7 Custom Code Adaptation as an Ongoing Process
436
7.7.1 Runtime Check Monitor
436
7.7.2 Performance and Tuning Using the SQL Monitor
438
7.8 Summary
441
8 Functional Conversion
443
8.1 Business Partners
444
8.1.1 Impact of Conversion
445
8.1.2 Preparation Phase
448
8.1.3 Synchronization Phase
457
8.1.4 Postprocessing
458
8.2 Financials and Accounting
458
8.2.1 Impact of the Conversion
459
8.2.2 Check and Reconcile Your Data
460
8.2.3 Preparation and Migration of Customizing
465
8.2.4 Migration Activities
468
8.2.5 Postprocessing Activities
472
8.3 Credit Management
474
8.3.1 Impact of the Conversion
475
8.3.2 Starting Points
475
8.3.3 Migration Overview
481
8.4 International Trade and Trade Finance
485
8.4.1 Intrastat with SAP S/4HANA International Trade
485
8.4.2 Migration to Trade Finance
487
8.5 Logistics
490
8.5.1 Impact of the Conversion
490
8.5.2 Preparation Steps
495
8.5.3 During the Conversion
501
8.5.4 Postconversion Steps
502
8.6 Sales and Distribution
502
8.7 SAP Business Warehouse
504
8.8 Cleaning Up Obsolete Data after the Conversion
506
8.9 Summary
509
A References
511
A.1 SAP Notes
512
A.1.1 Chapter 2: Architecture, Tools, and Strategy
512
A.1.2 Chapter 3: Project Planning
514
A.1.3 Chapter 4: Preparing the Conversion
515
A.1.4 Chapter 5: Converting the System
515
A.1.5 Chapter 6: Modification Adjustment
516
A.1.6 Chapter 7: Custom Code Management
516
A.1.7 Chapter 8: Functional Conversion
517
A.2 SAP Installation and Documentation Manuals
520
A.3 SAP Service Marketplace
521
A.4 Other Online Resources
521
B The Authors
523
The Contributors
524
Index
525