Table of Contents

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Preface
15
Who This Book Is For
15
How This Book Is Organized
16
Part I: SAP's Internet of Things Product Portfolio
16
Part II: Developing Internet of Things Applications
17
Part III: Partnerships for Interoperability
18
Part IV: Use Cases
19
Acknowledgments
20
Conclusion
21
Part I: SAP's Internet of Things Product Portfolio
23
1 Intelligent Enterprise and Internet of Things
25
1.1 Digital Transformation
25
1.2 SAP Cloud Platform: Business Technology Platform
28
1.3 Intelligent Enterprise and SAP Leonardo
30
1.4 Industry 4.Now
32
1.5 Internet of Things
35
1.5.1 Overview
35
1.5.2 Terminology
39
1.5.3 The IoT Stack
41
1.5.4 Edge Computing
44
1.5.5 Market Segments: Business and Consumer
51
1.5.6 Ecosystem Participants
54
1.5.7 Standard Bodies
54
1.6 Summary
56
2 SAP Leonardo Internet of Things
57
2.1 Overview
57
2.2 Architecture
63
2.3 SAP Cloud Platform and the Cloud Foundry Environment
67
2.4 Capabilities
73
2.4.1 Semantics
73
2.4.2 Master Data
82
2.4.3 Onboarding and Device Management
84
2.4.4 Lifecycle Management
87
2.4.5 Data Ingestion
88
2.4.6 Big Data Store and Time Series Management
91
2.4.7 Geoservices
94
2.4.8 Rules and Event Services
97
2.4.9 Action and Integration Services
104
2.4.10 Transformations and Derivations
109
2.4.11 Analytics Services
111
2.4.12 Segment Services
112
2.4.13 SAP Web IDE
114
2.4.14 Edge-Cloud Hybrid
115
2.5 Developing Internet of Things Applications
118
2.5.1 Use Case Scenario
118
2.5.2 Process Overview
119
2.6 Consuming SAP Leonardo IoT
122
2.6.1 Embed IoT
122
2.6.2 Extend IoT
126
2.6.3 Transform
128
2.6.4 Enable Business Processes at the Edge
129
2.7 API Signatures
130
2.8 Summary
132
3 SAP Edge Services
135
3.1 Overview
135
3.2 Architecture
140
3.3 SAP Cloud Platform Internet of Things-Provided Edge
142
3.4 Hyperscaler-Provided Edge
143
3.5 Supported Platform, Hardware, and Protocols
144
3.6 Deployment Options
146
3.7 User Identity
148
3.8 Capabilities
149
3.8.1 Rules
149
3.8.2 Fidelity and Smart Compression
153
3.8.3 Essential Business Functions
154
3.8.4 Cloud-Edge Hybrid
158
3.8.5 Predictive Analytics Service (Custom Service)
159
3.8.6 Policy Service
160
3.9 Synchronization between Edge and Core
161
3.10 Summary
162
Part II: Developing Internet of Things Applications
165
4 Device Connectivity and Management
167
4.1 Prerequisites
168
4.2 Create the User and Tenant
168
4.2.1 Create a User
168
4.2.2 Create a Tenant
170
4.2.3 Assign Users to a Tenant
171
4.3 Device/Sensor Model
173
4.4 Create a Capability
175
4.5 Create a Sensor Type
178
4.6 Create a New Device and Add Sensors
180
4.6.1 Create a Device
181
4.6.2 Add Sensors to the Device
182
4.7 Establish Authentication
184
4.8 Router Device
186
4.9 Simulate Data and Visualize
188
4.9.1 Simulate Sensor Data Ingestion
188
4.9.2 Check Ingested Data
193
4.10 Tenant Dashboard
194
4.11 Summary
195
5 Modeling
197
5.1 Prerequisites
197
5.2 Business Scenario
199
5.3 Modeling the Thing Type
200
5.3.1 Create a Package
201
5.3.2 Create Property Set Types
203
5.3.3 Create the Thing Type
214
5.3.4 Onboard Things Using the Thing Type
220
5.4 Modeling Custom Master Data
223
5.4.1 Create the Object Type
223
5.4.2 Enter Values for the Object Type and Associate to the Thing
228
5.5 Summary
237
6 Configure Rules and Actions
239
6.1 Prerequisites
239
6.2 Business Scenario
240
6.3 Define a Rule
241
6.3.1 Create a Rule Context
241
6.3.2 Create a Rule
244
6.4 Create an Action
250
6.5 Test Rule with Sample Data
254
6.6 Summary
256
7 Develop an IoT Application with SAP Web IDE
257
7.1 Prerequisites
257
7.2 Business Scenario
260
7.3 Build the Application Extension
263
7.3.1 Create a Multi-Target IoT Application
263
7.3.2 Adjust the Thing Page
274
7.3.3 Create an IoT Application as a Multi-Target Application
281
7.4 Summary
299
8 Configure SAP Edge Services
301
8.1 Prerequisites
301
8.2 Configure the Policy Service for a Business Scenario
302
8.2.1 Navigate the Policy Service in SAP Cloud Platform
303
8.2.2 Configure Essential Business Functions
306
8.3 Configure Streaming Rules and Actions
315
8.3.1 Configure Streaming Rules Project
315
8.3.2 Configure Actions and Integration to SAP Backend Systems
322
8.4 Summary
335
9 Configure the Cloud-to-Edge Hybrid Scenario
337
9.1 What Is Cloud-to-Edge Interoperability?
337
9.2 Use Case for Cloud-to-Edge Hybrid Rules
338
9.3 Configure Cloud-to-Edge Hybrid Rules
340
9.3.1 Model a Thing
340
9.3.2 Create a Hybrid Rule
344
9.3.3 Associate the Rule and Action
349
9.3.4 Deploy the Hybrid Rule
350
9.4 Summary
353
Part III: Partnerships for Interoperability
355
10 Cloud Interoperability
357
10.1 What Is Cloud-to-Cloud Interoperability?
357
10.2 Why Partner on Device Management and Connectivity?
358
10.3 Interoperability with AWS IoT Core
359
10.3.1 Overview
359
10.3.2 High-Level Architecture
360
10.3.3 Set up the Landscape
362
10.3.4 Configuration
363
10.4 Interoperability with Azure IoT Hub
375
10.4.1 Overview
376
10.4.2 High-Level Architecture
376
10.4.3 Set Up the Landscape
378
10.4.4 Configuration
380
10.5 Summary
395
11 Edge Interoperability
397
11.1 What Is Edge-to-Edge Interoperability?
397
11.2 Why Partner on the Edge?
398
11.3 Edge Interoperability with Microsoft Azure IoT Edge
399
11.3.1 Overview
399
11.3.2 High-Level Architecture
399
11.3.3 Essential Business Functions on Azure IoT Edge
401
11.4 Summary
412
Part IV: Use Cases
413
12 Use Cases: SAP Leonardo Internet of Things
415
12.1 Process Optimization
416
12.1.1 Replenishment Scenarios for Product Receptacles
416
12.1.2 Delivery Insights Enabled by IoT
418
12.1.3 Cycle Counting Enabled by IoT
420
12.1.4 Cold Equipment Monitoring and Operations
420
12.1.5 Smart Waste Management (Smart City Initiative)
427
12.1.6 Smart Air Purifier (Smart City Initiative)
431
12.1.7 Solar Farm Monitoring
433
12.1.8 Transformer Monitoring
435
12.1.9 Inbound and Outbound Logistics
437
12.1.10 Monitoring Mass Market Devices
439
12.2 Superior Customer Experience
441
12.2.1 Connected Battery
441
12.2.2 Connected or Smart Vending Machines
444
12.2.3 Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Manufacturer Proactive Service
445
12.2.4 Water Services Utility Company
445
12.3 Platform Business
446
12.3.1 Pay-Per-Use Tools
446
12.3.2 Digital Platform Professional Services
447
12.3.3 Access Control Company Professional Services
447
12.3.4 Others Industry-Specific Use Cases
448
12.4 IoT Project Best Practices
449
12.4.1 Discovery Questionnaire
450
12.4.2 Transformations, Event Detection, and Action Processing
456
12.4.3 Design and Implementation
459
12.5 Summary
459
13 Use Cases: SAP Edge Services
461
13.1 Unreliable Network Connectivity
462
13.1.1 Volvo Ocean Race
462
13.1.2 Manufacturer of Automated Machines
463
13.1.3 Shipping Company
464
13.1.4 Offshore Oil Rig
465
13.2 Security and Regulatory Requirements
466
13.2.1 Plant Maintenance at Factories and Shop Floors
466
13.2.2 Field Service Management
467
13.2.3 Smart Cities
469
13.2.4 Asset Management in Defense
470
13.3 Latency
472
13.3.1 Inventory Management for Smart Retailers
472
13.3.2 Incident Management for Workers' Safety
474
13.4 Summary
475
Appendices
477
A Additional Resources
477
A.1 Learning Journeys
477
A.2 openSAP Courses
478
A.3 SAP Learning Hub
479
A.4 SAP Help Portal and Other Collaterals
480
A.5 Product Roadmap
481
B The Authors
483
Index
485