Table of Contents

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Introduction
15
Target Audience
16
Structure of this Book
17
New to This Edition
21
1 Business Basics for Migrating Data to SAP
23
1.1 Data Migration as a Subproject
23
1.2 Preliminary Considerations
25
1.2.1 Defining the Dataset for Migration
25
1.2.2 Identifying Dormant Data
26
1.2.3 Measures for Reducing the Data Volume
28
1.2.4 Preparatory Measures for Extracting the Legacy Data
28
1.2.5 Addendum: Accounting Considerations
29
1.3 The Data Migration Process from the Project Perspective
35
1.3.1 Basic Customizing
35
1.3.2 System Presentations in SAP
36
1.3.3 Business Reengineering
36
1.3.4 Simulating the Data Migration
37
1.3.5 Mapping (Field Matching)
37
1.3.6 Data Extraction from the Legacy System
39
1.3.7 Manual Postprocessing of the Extracted Data
39
1.3.8 Selecting a Data Migration Technique
39
1.3.9 Uploading the Data in SAP
40
1.3.10 Testing the Business Processes in SAP
41
1.4 Summary
42
2 Technical Basics for Migrating Data to SAP
43
2.1 Basic Terminology
43
2.2 The Data Migration Process from a Technical Perspective
45
2.2.1 Exporting the Data
45
2.2.2 Reading the Data
45
2.2.3 Converting the Data
46
2.2.4 Importing the Data
48
2.2.5 Verifying the Data
50
2.3 Overview of Technical Procedures for Data Migration
50
2.3.1 Batch Input
50
2.3.2 Legacy System Migration Workbench
51
2.3.3 SAP Data Services
51
2.4 Summary
52
3 Plan and Organize Your Data Migration Projects
53
3.1 Types of Data Migration Projects
53
3.1.1 Initial Load (Green Field)
53
3.1.2 Upgrading an Existing System (Brown Field)
54
3.1.3 Phased Roll-Out
54
3.1.4 Big Bang
54
3.1.5 System Optimization
54
3.1.6 Cloud Migration
55
3.2 Phases of Data Migration Projects
56
3.2.1 Data Analysis
58
3.2.2 Mapping
58
3.2.3 Implementation
59
3.2.4 Data Migration Tests
59
3.2.5 Data Validation
59
3.2.6 Data Cleansing
60
3.2.7 Productive Load and Support
61
3.3 Work Packages in Data Migration Projects
62
3.3.1 Data Analysis
64
3.3.2 Data Cleansing
71
3.3.3 Mapping
73
3.3.4 Implementation
76
3.3.5 Data Migration Tests
80
3.3.6 Productive Load and Support
85
3.3.7 Data Validation
87
3.4 Planning and Effort Estimation
91
3.4.1 Determine Business Objects to Migrate
91
3.4.2 Estimate the Effort
93
3.5 Summary
96
4 Batch Input
97
4.1 How Batch Input Works
98
4.1.1 A Batch Input Session
98
4.1.2 Processing a Batch Input Session
101
4.1.3 Creating a Batch Input Session
104
4.2 Standard Batch Input Programs
105
4.2.1 Program RFBIDE00: Customer Master
106
4.2.2 Program RFBIKR00: Vendor Master
106
4.2.3 Program RFBISA00: General Ledger Account Master
107
4.2.4 Program RFBIBL00: Financial Documents
107
4.2.5 Program RCSBI010, RCSBI020, RCSBI030, RCSBI040: Bill of Materials
107
4.2.6 Program RM06BBI0: Purchase Requisitions
108
4.2.7 Program RM07MMBL: Material Documents
108
4.3 Batch Input Recording: General Approach
109
4.3.1 Creating the Batch Input Recording
109
4.3.2 Generating an ABAP Program from a Batch Input Recording
114
4.3.3 Modifying the Generated ABAP Program
118
4.3.4 Creating and Processing the Batch Input Session
126
4.3.5 Call Transaction and Batch Input Session in Case of Error
128
4.4 Summary
130
5 IDoc and ALE Distribution
131
5.1 IDoc Basics
131
5.1.1 IDoc as an Interface
132
5.1.2 Using IDocs
132
5.1.3 IDoc Customizing in SAP
136
5.1.4 Optimizing IDoc Performance
138
5.2 Data Transfer Workbench
142
5.2.1 Basics
142
5.2.2 Data Migration Using BAPIs
144
5.2.3 Combining the Data Transfer Workbench and the LSMW
145
5.2.4 Data Transfer Workbench Tools
146
5.3 Summary
147
6 Legacy System Migration Workbench
149
6.1 Overview of the LSMW
149
6.2 Data Migration with the LSMW
152
6.2.1 Getting Started with the LSMW
153
6.2.2 User Guide: The Main Steps of Data Migration
158
6.2.3 Maintaining Object Attributes
159
6.2.4 Maintaining Source Structures
163
6.2.5 Maintaining Source Fields
164
6.2.6 Maintaining Structure Relations
170
6.2.7 Maintaining Field Mapping and Conversion Rules
173
6.2.8 Maintaining Fixed Values, Translations, and User-Defined Routines
185
6.2.9 Addendum: Files
193
6.2.10 Specifying Files
195
6.2.11 Using Wildcards in File Names
201
6.2.12 Assigning Files
202
6.2.13 Reading Data
203
6.2.14 Displaying Read Data
205
6.2.15 Converting Data
207
6.2.16 Displaying Converted Data
209
6.2.17 Importing Data
210
6.2.18 Object Overview
213
6.3 Recordings
215
6.3.1 Creating and Editing Recordings
217
6.3.2 Using a Recording
223
6.4 Long Texts
226
6.4.1 Long Texts in the SAP System
226
6.4.2 Target Structures and Field Mapping
227
6.4.3 Importing Long Texts
231
6.5 Transporting Projects
232
6.5.1 Creating a Change Request
232
6.5.2 Exporting Projects
233
6.5.3 Importing Projects
234
6.6 Preparations for Using IDoc Inbound Processing
234
6.7 Summary
237
7 Legacy System Migration Workbench for Experts
239
7.1 Advanced Functions
239
7.1.1 Layout and Processing Times
240
7.1.2 Global Variables
242
7.1.3 Global Functions
243
7.1.4 Reusable Rules: Naming Conventions
243
7.2 Advanced Applications
245
7.2.1 Determining the Transaction Code at Runtime
245
7.2.2 Skipping a Record
246
7.2.3 Skipping All Records of a Transaction
246
7.2.4 Duplicating a Record
246
7.2.5 Assigning Multiple Source Structures to a Target Structure
248
7.2.6 Assign a Random Number of Records to One Transaction
249
7.2.7 Error Messages in the Conversion Log
254
7.3 The LSMW Conversion Program
255
7.3.1 Activate Additional Process Steps
255
7.3.2 The Conversion Program’s Structure
256
7.4 User-Defined Routines and Advanced Tips
259
7.4.1 Initialize IDoc Structures with a Nodata Sign
259
7.4.2 Directly Modify Table Records Using the LSMW
262
7.4.3 Adding Selection Parameters to the LSMW Conversion Program
264
7.4.4 Assign Multiple Source Structures to One Target Structure with Substructures
267
7.4.5 Extend LSMW with an Advanced Conversion Log
274
7.4.6 Using Conversion Exits and Routines
281
7.5 Summary
287
8 Rapid Data Migration with SAP Data Services
289
8.1 SAP Data Services Overview
290
8.2 Rapid Data Migration Architecture
292
8.3 Rapid Data Migration Process
298
8.3.1 Data Migration Content
299
8.3.2 Connecting Source Systems
308
8.3.3 Data Profiling
311
8.3.4 Field Mapping
316
8.3.5 Value Mapping
325
8.3.6 Data Validation
333
8.3.7 Data Load
337
8.3.8 Monitoring
340
8.4 Lookups and Validations
343
8.4.1 SAP Lookup Tables
344
8.4.2 Translation Tables
345
8.5 SAP Data Services for Experts
346
8.5.1 Scripting Language
346
8.5.2 System Functions
346
8.5.3 Custom Functions
348
8.5.4 Validation Enhancements
350
8.5.5 Data Quality
352
8.6 Data Migration to SAP Cloud Solutions
353
8.6.1 Rapid Data Migration to the Cloud
354
8.6.2 Interfaces for SAP Cloud Solutions
356
8.7 Summary
358
9 Data Migration in SAP Business ByDesign and SAP Cloud for Customer
359
9.1 Migration Templates
360
9.1.1 Structure and Elements of Migration Templates
360
9.1.2 User Tips
363
9.1.3 Field Formats
365
9.1.4 Export Data from the Source System
368
9.1.5 Filling Data into Migration Templates
369
9.1.6 Alternative Options to Populate Migration Templates
370
9.1.7 Data Cleansing
372
9.2 Migration Tool
373
9.2.1 Navigation in SAP Business ByDesign
374
9.2.2 Navigation in SAP Cloud for Customer
375
9.2.3 Migration Tasks in the Implementation Project
376
9.2.4 Prepare for Data Migration
377
9.2.5 Migration Objects
380
9.2.6 Migration Cockpit
383
9.2.7 Upload CSV Files
388
9.2.8 Migration Cockpit: More Features
392
9.2.9 Integrated Data Editor
394
9.3 Migration Process Steps
399
9.3.1 Validate File
400
9.3.2 Convert Values (Value Mapping)
407
9.3.3 Simulate Import
415
9.3.4 Import Data
424
9.4 Migration of Accounting Transactional Data
428
9.4.1 Preparation in SAP Business ByDesign
429
9.4.2 Preparation in the Source System
431
9.4.3 Migration Unit
434
9.4.4 Migration Templates in Accounting
439
9.4.5 Accounting Migration: Main Steps
442
9.4.6 Simulation of Single Files
443
9.4.7 Posting Preview
444
9.4.8 Cross-Check of Balances
446
9.4.9 Acceptance of Imported Data
450
9.4.10 Postprocessing
451
9.5 Change Migration
452
9.5.1 Add New Records
453
9.5.2 Enhance Existing Records
456
9.5.3 Modify Existing Records
460
9.5.4 Replace Existing Records
462
9.5.5 Mass Data Maintenance
464
9.6 Migration as a Subproject
470
9.6.1 Project Management
470
9.6.2 Migration Tasks in Implementation Projects
472
9.6.3 Test Strategy
474
9.7 Tips and Tricks
476
9.7.1 Volume Performance by Parallelization
477
9.7.2 Reconciliation of Migration Results
479
9.8 Summary
482
10 Techniques for Avoiding Programming
483
10.1 Problem Area: Data Conversion
483
10.2 Techniques for Converting Data
484
10.2.1 Modifying Structures
484
10.2.2 Modifying Field Contents
489
10.2.3 Using Microsoft Excel VLOOKUP Instead of Microsoft Access Database Join
499
10.3 Summary
503
11 Assessment of Data Migration Techniques
505
11.1 Use Cases
505
11.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Procedures
506
11.2.1 Batch Input
506
11.2.2 Legacy System Migration Workbench
509
11.2.3 SAP Data Services
510
11.3 Reasons for Favoring a Certain Procedure
511
11.3.1 Complexity of the Migration Task
511
11.3.2 Quality of the Legacy Data
512
11.3.3 Data Volume
512
11.3.4 The Importance of Data Security
513
11.3.5 Reusability
513
11.3.6 Restrictions
514
11.3.7 User-Friendliness
515
11.4 Summary
515
12 Advanced Topics and SAP S/4HANA
517
12.1 Data Migration between SAP Systems or within an SAP System
517
12.1.1 SAP Landscape Transformation
518
12.1.2 Using the Data Browser to Extract Records
523
12.2 Database Migration
527
12.2.1 Basics
528
12.2.2 Rapid Database Migration
528
12.3 Migration Paths to SAP S/4HANA
533
12.3.1 Migrating Data to SAP S/4HANA
533
12.3.2 SAP Activate
537
12.3.3 SAP S/4HANA Cloud Editions
540
12.3.4 SAP S/4HANA, On-Premise Edition
543
12.3.5 Integrating Your Data with SAP S/4HANA, Cloud Marketing Edition
545
12.4 Summary
548
The Authors
549
Index
553