This completely revised, updated, and extended edition of our bestselling reference book describes all subject areas related to system administration with SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP. From getting started with the system, to client administration and authorization concepts, to system monitoring, this book introduces all administration tools and contains practical instructions to optimally configure your system. In-depth background knowledge and useful tips help you make the right decisions help you make the right decisions quickly — even in emergency situations. The book provides essential support for your daily work and it helps you prepare for the examination to become a Certified Technical consultant.

This third edition is up-to-date for SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP 7.0 and 7.1, and has been extended with numerous new topics, such as Solution Manager, SAP NetWeaver Administrator ABAP tools, and SAP NetWeaver PI.

Highlights

• AS ABAP architecture
• Process concept: dialog and background processing, updating, lock management, output management
• Setting up a system landscape
• Client administration
• Users and authorizations
• Software logistics
• Instance maintenance
• System monitoring
• Solution Manager and NWA
• New ABAP editor and debugger
• SAP NetWeaver PI

About the Author(s)

Frank Föse is a Technology and Performance Consultant at SAP Systems Integration AG. His work focuses on system analyses, tuning, and sizing. Sigrid Hagemann works in Business Consulting Technology (IT management and technology consulting) at SAP Systems Integration AG. Liane Will works in the Active Global Support department at SAP AG, supporting customers with SAP solution implementation and management.

Table of Contents

1 Architecture of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP ... 25
... 1.1 ... Components of SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP ... 25
... 1.2 ... Client/Server Architecture in SAP NetWeaver ... 27
... 1.3 ... Access over the Internet ... 32
... 1.4 ... Presentation Layer ... 39
... 1.5 ... Application Layer ... 44
... 1.6 ... Database Layer ... 51
... 1.7 ... Network ... 54
... 1.8 ... Operating System ... 55
... 1.9 ... Tips ... 59
... 1.10 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 59
... 1.11 ... Additional Documentation ... 59
... 1.12 ... Questions ... 60

2 Process Concept of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP ... 63
... 2.1 ... Dialog Processing ... 63
... 2.2 ... Background Processing ... 65
... 2.3 ... Updating ... 90
... 2.4 ... Lock Management ... 104
... 2.5 ... Output Processing ... 117
... 2.6 ... SAP Virtual Machine Container (VMC) ... 148

3 Getting Started ... 153
... 3.1 ... Starting SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and Java ... 153
... 3.2 ... Stopping SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and Java ... 155
... 3.3 ... Logging the Startup Process ... 156
... 3.4 ... SAP GUI — The Graphical User Interface ... 163
... 3.5 ... General Administration Tasks ... 165
... 3.6 ... Tips ... 177
... 3.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 177
... 3.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 178
... 3.9 ... Questions ... 179

4 Setting Up the System Landscape ... 181
... 4.1 ... Tasks of a System Landscape ... 182
... 4.2 ... Initializing the Transport System ... 186
... 4.3 ... Configuring the Transport Management System ... 190
... 4.4 ... Transport Control Program tp ... 203
... 4.5 ... Tips ... 205
... 4.6 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 205
... 4.7 ... Additional Documentation ... 205
... 4.8 ... Questions ... 206

5 Client Administration ... 209
... 5.1 ... Default Clients and Users ... 210
... 5.2 ... Creating New Clients ... 213
... 5.3 ... Local Copying ... 220
... 5.4 ... Remote Copy ... 226
... 5.5 ... Client Transport ... 229
... 5.6 ... Special Functions ... 238
... 5.7 ... Tips ... 239
... 5.8 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 242
... 5.9 ... Additional Documentation ... 243
... 5.10 ... Questions ... 243

6 Software Logistics ... 245
... 6.1 ... Implementation Guide ... 245
... 6.2 ... Processing Objects ... 250
... 6.3 ... Importing Transport Requests ... 270
... 6.4 ... Manual Operation of the Transport Control Program tp ... 273
... 6.5 ... Installing Support Packages and Industry Solutions ... 275
... 6.6 ... Tips ... 279
... 6.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 280
... 6.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 281
... 6.9 ... Questions ... 282

7 Maintaining Instances ... 285
... 7.1 ... Profile Maintenance ... 285
... 7.2 ... Operation Modes ... 297
... 7.3 ... Control Panel ... 304
... 7.4 ... Dynamic User Distribution ... 305
... 7.5 ... RFC Server Groups ... 308
... 7.6 ... Tips ... 312
... 7.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 313
... 7.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 314
... 7.9 ... Questions ... 314

8 SAP Users and Authorizations ... 315
... 8.1 ... Basic Principles ... 315
... 8.2 ... User Maintenance ... 316
... 8.3 ... Authorizations ... 326
... 8.4 ... Personal Settings ... 345
... 8.5 ... Internet Users ... 346
... 8.6 ... Information About Users and Authorizations ... 348
... 8.7 ... Central User Administration ... 351
... 8.8 ... Directory Services ... 357
... 8.9 ... Tips ... 357
... 8.10 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 358
... 8.11 ... Additional Documentation ... 360
... 8.12 ... Questions ... 360

9 System Monitoring ... 363
... 9.1 ... Server and Process Overviews ... 363
... 9.2 ... User Overviews ... 371
... 9.3 ... System Log ... 373
... 9.4 ... Analysis of Runtime Errors ... 375
... 9.5 ... Trace Files ... 377
... 9.6 ... Lock Entries ... 380
... 9.7 ... Performance Monitoring ... 382
... 9.8 ... Database Administration ... 385
... 9.9 ... Overview of Regular Tasks ... 389
... 9.10 ... Administration of the Integrated Internet Transaction Server (ITS) ... 391
... 9.11 ... Internet Communication Manager Administration ... 396
... 9.12 ... System Administration Assistant ... 401
... 9.13 ... SAP NetWeaver Administrator (NWA) ... 403
... 9.14 ... Tips ... 408
... 9.15 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 409
... 9.16 ... Additional Documentation ... 412
... 9.17 ... Questions ... 413

10 Tools for Creating and Analyzing ABAP Programs ... 415
... 10.1 ... The New ABAP Editor ... 415
... 10.2 ... The New ABAP Debugger ... 420
... 10.3 ... Runtime Analysis ... 425
... 10.4 ... Performance Trace ... 431
... 10.5 ... Tips ... 437
... 10.6 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 437
... 10.7 ... Additional Documentation ... 438

11 Monitoring Architecture ... 439
... 11.1 ... Alert Monitor ... 440
... 11.2 ... Customizing the Alert Monitor ... 452
... 11.3 ... Analyzing Alert Monitors ... 461
... 11.4 ... Setting Up a Central Monitoring-System (CEN) ... 462
... 11.5 ... Customizing Examples ... 464
... 11.6 ... Tips ... 472
... 11.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 474
... 11.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 474
... 11.9 ... Questions ... 476

12 Data Archiving ... 477
... 12.1 ... Archive Development Kit (ADK ... 478
... 12.2 ... Customizing ... 483
... 12.3 ... Control and Evaluation ... 491
... 12.4 ... Tips ... 493
... 12.5 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 495
... 12.6 ... Additional Documentation ... 496
... 12.7 ... Questions ... 496

13 Data Distribution and Transfer ... 499
... 13.1 ... RFC Connections ... 500
... 13.2 ... Application Link Enabling ... 507
... 13.3 ... Data Transfer ... 520
... 13.4 ... SAPconnect ... 527
... 13.5 ... SAP NetWeaver Process Integration (SAP NetWeaver PI) ... 530
... 13.6 ... Tips ... 532
... 13.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 533
... 13.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 534
... 13.9 ... Questions ... 535

14 Installation Concepts ... 537
... 14.1 ... Preparations ... 537
... 14.2 ... Installation with SAPinst ... 539
... 14.3 ... Post-Installation Actions ... 544
... 14.4 ... Tips ... 549
... 14.5 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 550
... 14.6 ... Additional Documentation ... 551
... 14.7 ... Questions ... 552

15 Service and Support ... 555
... 15.1 ... Overview of SAP Service Marketplace ... 556
... 15.2 ... SAP Solution Manager as a Collaboration Platform ... 558
... 15.3 ... Configuration of the Support Connections ... 565
... 15.4 ... Tips ... 571
... 15.5 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 572
... 15.6 ... Additional Documentation ... 572
... 15.7 ... Questions ... 573

Appendices ... 575
... A ... Control Questions and Answers ... 577
... B ... Important Transaction Codes ... 593
... C ... Profile Parameters ... 599
... D ... Menu Structures ... 607
... E ... Glossary ... 619
... F ... References ... 627